Emission Estimation Technique Manual for Aggregated Emissions from Paved and Unpaved Roads
Environment Australia, 1999
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About this Manual
The aggregated emissions manuals complement the NPI Industry handbooks, and are intended to enable State and Territory Governments to estimate emissions from non-industrial activities (e.g. transportation, domestic and commercial activities) and emissions from industry which are not reported because the relevant thresholds are not exceeded.
This manual provides guidance on estimating aggregate emissions from paved and unpaved roads. Field studies have found that paved and unpaved roads are a major source of atmospheric particulate matter within an airshed (USEPA 1997). A number of other NPI substances listed in Schedule A to the NEPM are found on roadways in trace amounts, and may form part of the particulate matter which is emitted from paved and unpaved roads.
Particulate matter also arises from exhaust and other emissions directly associated with motor vehicles. These emissions are not covered in this manual.
First published in September 1999
National Pollutant Inventory
Environment Australia
Application of the Manual
Each of the aggregated emissions manuals provides details of:
- the NPI substances that are expected to be emitted from the relevant aggregated source type;
- the origins or sources of the emissions, and the processes that may generate them;
- the impacts of any control equipment or procedures on those emissions;
- the broad approaches that may be employed in the estimation and spatial allocation of emissions;
- details of emission factors to be used in the estimation of emissions; and
- a series of illustrative sample calculations for each estimation technique.
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